বিদ্যাবিন্দু | Bidyabindu

Friday, April 25, 2025

Shusong Durgapur, Birishiri – An Unseen Beauty of Bangladesh

Shusong Durgapur, Birishiri – A Hidden Gem of Bangladesh

When it comes to tourism in Bangladesh, places like Cox’s Bazar, Sylhet, or the Sundarbans often take the spotlight. But beyond these famous destinations lies a world of natural wonders that remains mostly untouched by the crowd. One such spectacular and lesser-known location is Shusong Durgapur, situated in the Birishiri region of Netrokona district. With its breathtaking scenery, cultural richness, and peaceful ambiance, this place is truly a hidden gem worth exploring.

It is in Netrokona at Birishiri, Durgapur

Location and Overview

Shusong Durgapur is located in the north-central part of Bangladesh, roughly 170 kilometers from the capital, Dhaka. Tucked away near the Someshwari River, this beautiful spot offers a serene view of the surrounding hills of Meghalaya, just across the border with India. The region’s remote charm and natural landscape make it an ideal escape from busy urban life.

The Unique Clay and Ceramic Hills

Nature’s Artistry at Work

The first thing that captures the heart of a traveler here is the unspoiled natural scenery. From flowing rivers to colorful hills, Birishiri is a visual delight.

1. The Serene Flow of the Someshwari River

Flowing calmly through the region, the Someshwari River is known for its clear water that often reflects different shades depending on the minerals and time of year. It cuts through hills and valleys, adding rhythm and life to the landscape.

2. The Unique Clay and Ceramic Hills

The area is famous for its chalky white and reddish ceramic hills, which rise dramatically from the ground. These hills are made of clay and china clay, making them stand out with their distinct colors and textures. Scattered around are old mining sites, now abandoned, which add a mysterious touch to the scenery.

3. The Kangsa River and the Valley

The Kangsa River, sometimes considered the older branch of Someshwari, also flows through the region. Along with hills and rivers, green forests and rocky terrains make up a stunning mosaic that is both wild and beautiful.

Indigenous People

Cultural Richness of Indigenous Communities

Shusong Durgapur isn’t just about its physical beauty—its cultural diversity is equally impressive.

1. Home to Indigenous Peoples

The area is home to several ethnic groups, including the Garo, Hajong, Mandi, and Achik communities. These people have been living here for generations, preserving their languages, traditions, and lifestyle. They add vibrant color to the local culture through their music, dance, clothing, and crafts.

2. Cultural Preservation Through the Academy

In Durgapur town, you’ll find the Birishiri Tribal Cultural Academy, a key institution for the promotion of indigenous heritage. The academy organizes cultural programs, education, and training for members of tribal groups, ensuring their traditions continue to thrive.

Places of Interest Around Birishiri

Besides natural beauty and cultural elements, the area is dotted with places of historical and religious significance:

The Old Palace of the Susang Raja (King) – A reminder of the region’s historical importance.
Dasha Busha Temple – A sacred temple known for its traditional design.
Ramkrishna and Loknath Temples – Peaceful spots visited by spiritual seekers.
Fruit Gardens and Forests – The local orange orchards and Gajari tree forests are perfect for a quiet stroll or photo session.

Getting There

Traveling to Shusong Durgapur is straightforward, though it may take some time:

By Bus: Direct buses leave from Mohakhali Bus Terminal in Dhaka, usually taking around 5 to 6 hours to reach Birishiri.
By Train and Local Transport: Alternatively, one can take a train to Mymensingh or Netrokona and then hire a local vehicle to reach Durgapur.

Once you're there, rickshaws are the main mode of transport. Local rickshaw pullers are often helpful guides who know the area inside out.

Accommodation and Food

Shusong Durgapur is a quiet destination, so don’t expect luxurious resorts. However, there are basic guesthouses and government rest houses available. Some travelers prefer to stay in homestays or tribal villages to experience local life more closely. Local restaurants serve simple Bangladeshi meals, often cooked with fresh, local ingredients.

Best Time to Visit

The most pleasant time to visit is from November to March, when the weather is cool and dry. During the rainy season, the rivers swell and the green becomes more vibrant, but travel can be more difficult due to muddy roads.

Why You Should Visit Shusong Durgapur

If you’re someone who loves nature, photography, culture, or offbeat travel, this place offers it all in one compact package. It’s ideal for:

Peaceful getaways
Ethnographic exploration
Nature trails and light adventure
Learning about tribal life

What makes Birishiri even more special is how authentic and untouched it still feels. Unlike heavily commercialized tourist spots, here you’ll experience life as it is—calm, colorful, and deeply rooted in tradition.

Final Thoughts

Shusong Durgapur may not be the first name that pops up in a travel guide, but it surely leaves a lasting impression on those who visit. Whether it’s the beauty of its rivers and hills, the warmth of the tribal communities, or the peaceful rural atmosphere—it’s a place that speaks to the soul.

So, the next time you're looking for a unique travel experience inside Bangladesh, skip the usual routes and head north to Birishiri. You’ll return not only with beautiful photos but with stories that few others have heard.

Have you explored Birishiri yet? Share your thoughts or travel tips in the comments below!

And don’t forget to bookmark this post for your next trip!

👉 If you need, there's an essay / composition on 'An Unseen Beauty of Bangladesh' in this blog.

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Wednesday, April 23, 2025

Paragraph on A Happy and Healthy Family

Where love grows, laughter echoes, and hearts
feel at home — that’s a happy family.

A happy and healthy family is the foundation of a strong society. It plays a vital role in shaping our values, habits, and personalities. Whether big or small, every family becomes a child’s first school where they learn to love, care, and share. A peaceful home environment helps children grow up with confidence and emotional strength. In today’s fast-changing world, where many distractions and pressures exist, maintaining a happy and healthy family is more important than ever.

🧒 Paragraph on A Happy and Health Family [Version 1: Easy (100 Words) – For Class 3 to 5]

A happy and healthy family is a group of people who love and care for each other. In a family, everyone helps one another and lives together with peace. Parents take care of their children, and children listen to their parents. They eat together, play together, and spend time happily. If someone is sad, other family members help and cheer them up. A happy family never fights and always shows kindness. They keep their house clean and eat healthy food. In such a family, everyone feels safe and loved. A happy and healthy family makes life beautiful and joyful.

👨‍🎓 Paragraph on A Happy and Health Family [Version 2: Medium (150 Words) – For Class 6 to 8]

A happy and healthy family is one where all the members live with love, care, and understanding. It is the first place where children learn good manners, values, and the importance of relationships. Parents in a happy family not only take care of the children but also guide them with kindness and wisdom. Brothers and sisters share things and help one another. The family eats together, spends quality time, and talks openly, which creates a strong bond. Good communication, respect for each other, and solving problems together are the keys to a happy home. Healthy families also take care of their physical health by eating nutritious food, keeping their house clean, and living in a hygienic environment. When the mind and body are happy, life becomes easier and more joyful. A happy and healthy family is truly a blessing for every person and plays a big role in their success.

🎓 Paragraph on A Happy and Health Family [Version 3: Advanced (200 Words) – For Class 9 to 10]

A happy and healthy family is the foundation of personal happiness and social progress. It is a place where each member feels valued, respected, and loved. In such a family, parents provide not only financial support but also emotional security and moral guidance. Children grow up in a positive environment, learning how to deal with life’s challenges through the examples set by their elders. A healthy family practices good habits such as eating balanced meals, maintaining cleanliness, and encouraging regular physical activity. Open communication and mutual respect play a big role in solving problems and avoiding misunderstandings. Quality time, such as shared meals, games, or simple conversations, strengthens the bond among family members. When differences arise, they are resolved with patience and kindness, rather than anger. Love, trust, care, and support are the pillars that make a family happy and strong. Such families raise confident, kind-hearted, and responsible individuals. A happy and healthy family is not just a group of people living together – it is a life-long emotional support system. It builds a better life and a better future.

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Family is such an important thing in a person’s life that is beyond description. Let’s go further through the below sections to realize it.

🔍 What Makes a Family Happy and Healthy?

A family becomes happy and healthy when there is love, respect, trust, and open communication among its members. Spending quality time together, helping each other, and supporting during tough times create strong bonds. A family should also care about both physical and mental health. Regular meals, outdoor activities, a clean home, and emotional care contribute to the well-being of each member. Avoiding unnecessary arguments and showing appreciation can also make the family environment more peaceful.

👪 Importance of Family in a Child's Life

For children, family is the first place where learning begins. Children who grow up in a happy family are usually more confident and emotionally strong. They do better in school and learn social values such as respect, honesty, and kindness. Parents act as role models and guide children in making good decisions. A strong family helps a child face challenges in life with courage and positivity. It also provides a sense of security and belonging, which is very important for a child’s emotional development.

💬 Family Activities That Promote Happiness

Eating meals together regularly
Playing indoor or outdoor games
Going for family walks or short trips
Watching a movie together
Celebrating birthdays and small achievements
Helping each other with chores or school work
Talking openly about daily life

These activities build emotional connections and trust among family members, which is key to long-term happiness.

📚 Educational Value

These three paragraphs are helpful for students of different levels to improve their writing skills. They learn how to build structure in a paragraph, how to express emotions, and how to describe abstract topics like “family” in a meaningful way. Teachers can use this post for classroom exercises, and students can use it for exams or homework. Writing about familiar topics also helps children think deeply about the world around them.

Click to see the list of ALL PARAGRAPHS.

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Tuesday, April 22, 2025

The Life and Work of Firefighters: A Complete Overview

🔰 Introduction

In our earlier post, we discussed the basic role of a firefighter and how they save lives and property from fires. However, there is so much more to this incredible profession. This post aims to provide a comprehensive guide to firefighters, including:

The history of firefighting and its evolution
What firefighter training involves
The tools and equipment used by firefighters
The different types of firefighting roles
Famous firefighters and their stories

Firefighting is not just about putting out fires; it's about saving lives, educating the public, and being prepared for a wide range of emergencies. Let's explore the details!

📜 The History of Firefighting

Firefighting has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. The first organized fire service is believed to have existed in ancient Rome. These early fire brigades were made up of people who would carry buckets of water and form chains to pass the water to the fire scene. Firefighting became more formalized in the Middle Ages as cities grew, and the risk of fire increased.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, fire-fighting equipment improved with the invention of hand-pumped fire engines, which allowed for quicker and more efficient water delivery. These engines were often operated manually by a team of firefighters. During the Industrial Revolution, steam-powered fire engines and hydrants were introduced, which made firefighting even more efficient.

By the 19th century, professional fire departments began to form in cities across Europe and the United States, with dedicated firefighters being trained in specialized skills. The first official fire department was established in the early 1700s in New York City, and it served as a model for many other cities worldwide.

Today, firefighting has evolved to include advanced technology such as thermal imaging cameras, drones, and powerful fire trucks that can tackle fires in minutes. Firefighting has become a high-tech and highly skilled profession, thanks to centuries of development and innovation.

👩‍🚒 What Does Firefighter Training Involve?

Becoming a firefighter is not easy. It requires intense physical and mental training. Firefighters undergo rigorous training to prepare them for dangerous situations. The training process typically involves the following steps:

Physical Fitness: Firefighting requires strength, endurance, and agility. The job can be physically demanding, involving carrying heavy equipment, climbing ladders, and rescuing people from burning buildings. To ensure they are physically fit for the job, firefighters undergo regular fitness tests, which may include running, lifting, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercises. Firefighter training programs place a strong emphasis on building stamina and resilience.
Technical Skills: Firefighters must be proficient in a variety of technical skills. They learn how to operate different tools, such as hoses, axes, and fire trucks. These tools are essential for tackling different types of fires and saving lives. Firefighters also learn the science of fire — understanding how fires start, spread, and how to extinguish them effectively. They are also trained in using fire suppression techniques and rescue operations.
Emergency Medical Training: Many firefighters are trained as Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) or paramedics. This additional training helps them respond to medical emergencies during firefighting operations. They are trained in first aid, CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation), and other life-saving medical procedures that can be critical in emergency situations.
Fire Prevention and Education: Firefighters don’t just fight fires—they also work to prevent them. They conduct fire drills, educate the public on fire safety practices, and promote the importance of having smoke alarms and fire extinguishers in homes. Firefighters often participate in educational outreach programs in schools, teaching students about fire safety rules, like stop, drop, and roll and never play with matches.
Simulation and Drills: Firefighters undergo simulated training exercises that replicate real-life fire scenarios. These drills are crucial for preparing them to handle the stress and chaos of an actual emergency. They may practice using real-life fire simulations, working together as a team to rescue victims, contain fires, and manage hazardous materials in simulated environments.

After completing the necessary training, firefighters must pass a series of physical and written exams before becoming fully certified. They also need to undergo continuous education to keep up with new firefighting techniques and technologies.

🧰 Tools and Equipment Used by Firefighters

Firefighters rely on a wide range of tools and equipment to perform their duties. These tools help them put out fires, rescue people, and protect themselves. Below are some of the most important tools used by firefighters:

Fire Truck: The fire truck is the most important tool in a firefighter's arsenal. It carries all the necessary equipment, including water hoses, ladders, fire extinguishers, and protective gear. Modern fire trucks are equipped with hydraulic platforms that can extend high into buildings, allowing firefighters to reach people trapped on upper floors. Some fire trucks also carry water tanks, foam dispensers, and rescue tools, ensuring they are prepared for various types of emergencies.
Fire Hose: Fire hoses are used to deliver water or foam to the fire. Firefighters carry hoses in different sizes to adjust the water pressure depending on the intensity of the fire. Larger hoses are used for heavy fires, while smaller hoses are used for controlling fires in confined spaces. They often use nozzles that can vary the water flow and pressure based on the situation.
Fire Axe: A firefighter's axe is a versatile tool used for breaking down doors, windows, or walls to rescue people or gain access to burning buildings. Fire axes are specially designed for durability and functionality. They have a sharp blade on one side and a flat hammer-like surface on the other for breaking obstacles.
Thermal Imaging Camera: These devices help firefighters see through smoke by detecting heat sources. Thermal imaging cameras are essential for locating victims in burning buildings or finding hot spots that could reignite the fire. Firefighters also use them to check for fire extension within walls or ceilings.
Protective Gear: Firefighters wear protective clothing such as fire-resistant jackets, pants, helmets, gloves, and boots. These garments are made from heat-resistant materials such as Nomex or Kevlar, which provide excellent protection from high temperatures and falling debris. The gear is specifically designed to protect firefighters while they work in extreme conditions.
Breathing Apparatus: Firefighters wear Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) to protect themselves from smoke inhalation. These devices supply fresh air while they are working in toxic or smoky environments. The SCBA has a tank that holds compressed air, allowing the firefighter to breathe clean air while they work in hazardous conditions.
Rescue Tools: Firefighters use specialized rescue tools such as the jaws of life, hydraulic rescue tools, and cutting devices. These tools are used to extricate people from vehicles or collapsed buildings. They can cut through metal, glass, and other materials to save trapped individuals.

🔥 Different Types of Firefighting Roles

Firefighting is a diverse profession with different roles, depending on the type of fire or emergency. Some of the specialized firefighting roles include:

Urban Firefighter: These firefighters work in cities and towns, responding to fires in buildings, vehicles, and industrial sites. They also deal with chemical spills and hazardous material incidents. Urban firefighters often face the challenge of fighting fires in high-rise buildings or densely populated areas.
Wildland Firefighter: Wildland firefighters work in forests, fields, and rural areas to combat large-scale wildfires. They use different tactics such as creating fire breaks, controlled burns, and backburning to stop the spread of fire. Wildland firefighters must be highly skilled in navigating rugged terrains and working in extreme heat conditions.
Aerial Firefighter: These firefighters use aircraft, such as helicopters and planes, to drop water or fire retardant on large wildfires. They also perform aerial rescues in some situations, often in hard-to-reach areas. Aerial firefighters play a key role in controlling fires in remote or vast areas where ground crews are unable to reach.
Fire Investigation: Fire investigators work to determine the cause of a fire. They look for signs of arson or electrical malfunctions and help authorities with legal investigations. Fire investigators work closely with law enforcement agencies to uncover criminal activity related to fires.
Rescue Firefighter: Rescue firefighters focus on saving people from dangerous situations, including car accidents, building collapses, or water rescues. They may also perform high-angle rescues or work with other agencies during natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes.

🔥 Famous Firefighters and Their Stories

Throughout history, many firefighters have become famous for their bravery and heroic deeds. Here are a few notable examples:

Red Adair: A famous American firefighter known for extinguishing oil well fires. He was called upon to fight some of the most dangerous and challenging fires in history, including the Kuwaiti oil fires in 1991 during the Gulf War. His expertise and bravery saved many lives and prevented catastrophic environmental damage.
Edmund R. "Ted" Hall: A British firefighter who became a hero after saving lives during a massive fire at a warehouse in London in 1982. His courage earned him the British Empire Medal. Hall’s quick thinking and leadership were instrumental in preventing the fire from spreading further and causing more damage.
Firefighter Daniel R. Simpson: Known for his bravery in saving numerous lives during the World Trade Center collapse on September 11, 2001, Simpson's story continues to inspire generations of firefighters around the world. He sacrificed his life in the line of duty, and his legacy remains an example of selfless courage.

💥 Conclusion

Firefighting is a profession built on courage, training, and technology. Firefighters not only fight fires but also save lives, protect property, and educate the public about fire safety. Their role in society is critical, and their bravery should be celebrated.

We hope this guide gives you a better understanding of the firefighter profession. If you would like to learn about the basic role of a firefighter, check out our earlier post titled A Firefighter for a more general overview. Thank you for reading!

Saturday, April 19, 2014

Paragraph on 'A Firefighter' (Both Short & Long Version)

"A firefighter is not just a worker—he is a guardian of hope in times of fear"

🧒 Paragraph on A Firefighter (Short Version for Class 3–5)

A firefighter is a man who works in a fire department of a country. Generally a firefighter’s main job is to put off fire if it is accidental. The job of a firefighter is very hard-working and risky. So a firefighter must be physically fit, brave and careful. A firefighter trains the young people to make them firefighters. He always speaks about preventing the accidental fire. There is no country in the world where there is no fire service department. A firefighter wears khaki dresses when he is in duty. He is a great social worker. He saves others from the fire accident. It is a great profession. His job is very dutiful and challenging. So we should respect him.

👦 Paragraph on A Firefighter (Long Version for Class 6–10)

A firefighter is a trained and courageous person who works in the fire department of a country. His main job is to put out accidental fires and save people from danger. He often works in risky situations like house fires, building collapses, or car accidents. He is strong, brave, and always alert. Firefighters also rescue animals or help people trapped during natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes. Firefighters wear special uniforms made of fireproof material and helmets to protect themselves. They use tools like hoses, ladders, axes, and fire extinguishers to control fire and save people. They ride fire trucks to reach the scene quickly. In every country, fire service departments play a very important role in society. They are always ready to serve even on holidays or at night. Besides fighting fires, firefighters also educate people about fire safety. They visit schools and tell students how to prevent fires and what to do in case of an emergency. They also train young people who want to become firefighters in the future. Their job is not only difficult but also honorable. A firefighter does not work for money alone. He works for the people. We must respect them and thank them for their brave service.

Want to know more about Firefighter? If yes, let's dive deeper!

Here, we will learn about a firefighter, a real-life hero who saves people from fires and many other dangers. Students often have to write about firefighters in their English exams, assignments, or homework. That’s why we are sharing a complete post, including:

Who a firefighter is

Why firefighters are important

Tools they use

Qualities they need

Fire safety tips for students

FAQ section

This post is simple, student-friendly, and easy to remember. Let’s get started!

🧑‍🚒 Who is a Firefighter?

A firefighter is a trained person who works in a fire department. His main job is to put out accidental fires and save people, animals, and property from danger. Firefighters are brave and strong. They often go into burning buildings or help during road accidents, floods, and other emergencies. They are also called "firemen" or "firewomen".

🌟 Why Firefighters Are Important

Firefighters are very important in our daily lives. Fires can start anytime, anywhere—from houses, factories, or vehicles. Without firefighters, it would be very hard to stop the fire. Many people would lose their homes, lives, or loved ones.
Here are some key reasons why firefighters are important:

They save people from fire accidents.

They rescue animals or injured persons.

They stop fire from spreading to nearby places.

They help during natural disasters like earthquakes, storms, and floods.

They educate people on how to stay safe from fire.

Firefighters risk their own lives to protect others. That’s why we respect them.

🧰 Tools Used by Firefighters

Firefighters use many special tools while doing their job. These help them work faster and stay safe.
Some of the main tools are:

Fire Hose: Sprays water to put out fire.

Fire Truck: A big red vehicle that carries firefighters and their tools.

Ladder: Helps reach high places like buildings.

Axe: Breaks doors or walls during rescue.

Helmet & Gloves: Protects the head and hands from fire and falling objects.

Fireproof Uniform: Keeps their body safe from heat and flames.
These tools help firefighters save lives quickly and safely.

💪 Qualities of a Good Firefighter

Being a firefighter is not easy. It is a tough and dangerous job. A firefighter must have many good qualities, such as:

Bravery: Not afraid to face fire or danger.

Physical Strength: Must carry tools and people.

Quick Thinking: Makes fast decisions during emergencies.

Teamwork: Works with others in a group.

Carefulness: Always alert and aware.

Kindness: Ready to help others anytime.
A firefighter is not just a worker—he is a real hero in society.

🛑 Fire Safety Tips for Students

It is also our duty to stay safe and avoid causing fire accidents. Here are some fire safety tips that every student should follow:

Never play with matches, candles, or lighters.

Don’t leave stoves, irons, or heaters on when not in use.

Know the emergency number of the fire service in your country. (In Bangladesh, it’s 999)

If you smell smoke or see fire, inform elders or call for help.

Learn how to stop, drop, and roll if your clothes catch fire.

Participate in fire drills at school seriously.
Fire safety is everyone’s responsibility.

❓ FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is the main duty of a firefighter?
A: The main duty of a firefighter is to put out fires and save people, animals, and property from danger.

Q2: What does a firefighter wear?
A: A firefighter wears a fireproof uniform, helmet, gloves, and boots to stay safe while working.

Q3: What tools does a firefighter use?
A: Hose, ladder, fire extinguisher, axe, helmet, and a fire truck are some of the main tools.

Q4: Is the job of a firefighter dangerous?
A: Yes, it is very dangerous. Firefighters risk their lives to save others.

Q5: How can students stay safe from fire?
A: Students should not play with fire, know emergency numbers, and listen during school fire drills.

✅ Final Words

Firefighters are everyday heroes who work for the safety of others. They are strong, brave, and always ready to help. Whether in a fire, flood, or road accident, we can always count on them. We hope this post helps you in your study and writing. If you liked this post, feel free to share it with your friends or classmates.
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CLICK HERE to view the list of all PARAGRAPHS.

This post was updated on April 23, 2025.

Wednesday, April 16, 2014

Model Test-2 on English First Paper for JSC: Hygiene, Dr. Muhammad Shahidullah

Nobojagoron Scholarship & Cadet Academy

“Junior School Certificate Examination 2014”

Model Test—01 ǁ Subject: English 1^st Paper

Time: Three Hours Full Marks: 100

[Answer all the questions. Figures in the right margin indicate full marks]

Section—A: (Reading)

Reading Test (Seen Passage)

Read the text and answer the questions 1, 2 and 3.

The word ‘hygiene’ means the practice of keeping ourselves clean. It also means to keep our home and work places clean. It is important for our good health. Hygiene is thought to be next to godliness. It is because we cannot achieve anything physically, mentally or spiritually if we are unclean in our body, mind and soul. Nobody likes an unclean person either. So we must follow the rules of hygiene. First, we must keep our body clean. We should have a bath every day and wash our hair regularly. This will keep the body and hair free from dirt and bacteria. Secondly, we should wash our clothes regularly. Dirty clothes give off bad smell and invite germs. We should wear socks and shoes when we go out to protect our feet from dust and germs. It is also important to wash our hands before meals and after using the toilet. We should brush our teeth twice a day, after breakfast and supper. We must also cut our nails regularly. Our drinking water must be pure. We can get pure water by boiling and filtering. Finally, we should keep our surroundings and environment clean. If we do and follow all the above things properly, we will be able to lead a healthy and happy life.

1. Guess the meaning of the following words and choose the correct meaning closest to the text. 5

(i) hygiene

a. untidy

b. smartness

c. cleanliness

d. freshness

(ii) clean

a. washed

b. free from dirt

c. trimmed

d. pure

(iii) important

a. significant

b. secondary

c. primarily

d. worthy

(iv) godliness

a. deify

b. deny

c. devotion to God

d. worship

(v) achieve

a. loose

b. attain

c. lose

d. forfeit

2. Answer the following questions. 10

a) What does the word ‘hygiene’ mean?

b) What is thought to be godliness?

c) Why is hygiene important?

d) Why is ‘hygiene’ thought next to godliness?

e) What happens to an unclean person?

3. Summarize the text in section A in your own words (around 85 words). 10

Reading Test (Unseen Passage)

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions 4 and 5.

Dr. Muhammad Shahidullah, educationist, writer and philologist, was born at Peyara village of 24 Parganas in West Bengal on 10 July 1885. His father, Mafizuddin Ahmed, was a warden at the shrine of Pir Gorachand. Dr. Shahidullah learnt Urdu, Parsian and Arabic at home and Sanskrit at school. He passed the entrance examination in 1904. He obtained his B.A. degree in 1910, M.A. in 1912 and B.L. in 1914. He joined the University of Dhaka in 1921 as a professor of Sanskrit and Bengali. He was awarded the Doctorate degree from Southern University, Paris, in 1928. His “Bangla Sahitter Katha” published in 1953, was first well-arranged History of Bengali Literature. Muhammad Shahidullah played an important role in the Language Movement. Apart from research works, he wrote for children. He also translated and edited a number of books. He was awarded the “Pride of performance” award by the Pakistan government. He was made Professor Emeritus by the University of Dhaka (1967) and awarded “Knight of Orders of Art and Letters” by the French Government (1967) for his lifetime achievement in research on Language and literature. In 1967 he was seriously ill and was in sick-bed for about two and half years. He died in Dhaka on 13 July 1969 and was buried on the campus of Shahidullah Hall of the University.

4. Complete the following table. 5

Who/What	Event/Activity	Where/Place	When
Dr. Muhammad Shahidullah	born	(i) ………………..	1885
He	passed entrance		(ii) ……………..
He	(iii) ……………….	the University of Dhaka	1921
He	awarded the Doctorate degree	(iv) ………………..	1928
Bangla Sahitter Katha	publication		(v) ………………

5. Write whether the statements are true or false. If false, give the correct answer. 5

a) Dr. Muhammad Shahidullah obtained B.A. degree in 1910.

b) He was seriously ill in 1912.

c) “Bangla Sahitter Katha” is the name of a magazine.

d) Shahidullah contributed a lot to Bengali language and literature.

e) He died in 1969.

6. Fill in the gaps with appropriate word. 5

The man who (a) – rickshaw for money is a rickshaw puller. A rickshaw puller is quite (b) – in cities and towns. He (c) – in a slum. His (d) – is very shabby. His income is very (e) -- .

7. Rearrange the following sentences in correct orders. 10

(a) The angel took down his request and went away. (b) His name was Abu Ben-Adhem. (c) Abu then requested him to put his name in the list because he loved mankind and fellow brothers. (d) He again appeared the next night and showed Abu that his name was at the top of the list. (e) The angel was writing the names of persons who loved God. (f) Once upon a time there was an honest and pious man. (g) He asked the angel if his name was there. (h) He was once sleeping peacefully. (i) In reply the angel said that his name was not there. (j) Suddenly he woke up and saw an angel.

8. Fill in the gaps using clues from the boxes. 5

neat	up	roofs	platforms	earth	in
wild	colorful	ladders	country	mostly	build

The tribal people living (a) – the hilly areas (b) – their houses on raised (c) -- . They use (d) – which are withdrawn at night so that (e) – animals con not climb (f) -- . Usually their houses are made of (g) – and have thatched (h) -- . They keep their houses very (i) – and clean and decorate it with (j) – drawings.

9. The phrases in column A are the beginning of some sentences. The phrases in column B are the endings. Match the phrases in column A with the phrases in column B to make complete sentences. 5

Column A	Column B
(i) Tia is	(a) grass, nuts, chili, banana and other fruits.
(ii) Its whole body is	(b) in tall shimul tress or in the holes of empty buildings.
(iii) It eats	(c) a common bird of Bangladesh.
(iv) Tia lives	(d) in flocks.
(v) It builds nests	(e) green in color.

Section—B: (Writing)

10. English is an international language. Hence it is very essential for many reasons. Now, make a dialogue with your friend Mitu about the importance of learning English. 10

11. Write a paragraph on ‘Tree Plantation’ in about 150 words answering the following questions.10

(a) How do trees help us? (b) How do they maintain ecological balance? (c) What do we get from tress? (d) Why should we plant trees? (e) How can we take care of them?

12. Read the beginning of the following story and complete it in 150 words. 10

There lived a farmer in a village who had a wonderful goose. Every morning she laid ………..

13. Suppose, you’re Sanjida and you study in PN Govt. Girls’ School in Rajshahi. Now, write a letter to your father who lives in Mymensingh about your preparation for the JSC Examination. 10

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